Ayutthaya (city)

For other meanings, see Ayutthaya.
Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya
พระนครศรีอยุธยา
Krungthepmahanokorn Bawornthavarawadee Sri Ayutthaya Mahadilok Phopnopharat Rahathani Bureerom Udom Mahasathan[1]

Seal
Country Thailand
Province Ayutthaya
Government
 • Type City municipality
 • Mayor Somsong Sappakosonlakul
Area
 • Total 14.84 km2 (5.7 sq mi)
Population (2006)
 • Total 54,888
 • Density 3,698.7/km2 (9,579.5/sq mi)
  Registered residents only
Time zone Thailand (UTC+7)
Website of Ayutthaya

Ayutthaya (full name Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Thai: พระนครศรีอยุธยา, pronounced [pʰráʔ náʔkʰɔ̄ːn sǐː ʔājúttʰājāː]; also spelled "Ayudhya") city is the capital of Ayutthaya province in Thailand. Located in the valley of the Chao Phraya River. The city was founded in 1350 by King U Thong, who went there to escape a smallpox outbreak in Lop Buri and proclaimed it the capital of his kingdom, often referred to as the Ayutthaya kingdom or Siam. Ayutthaya became the second Siamese capital after Sukhothai. Its remains, characterized by the prang (reliquary towers) and gigantic monasteries, give an idea of its past splendour.[2] It is estimated that Ayutthaya by the year 1600 CE had a population of about 300,000, with the population perhaps reaching 1,000,000 around 1700 CE, making it one of the world's largest cities at that time.[3] In 1767, the city was destroyed by the Burmese army, resulting in the collapse of the kingdom. The Ayutthaya historical park is the ruins of the former capital of the Kingdom of Siam.[4] It is the site of mass murder, rape and enslavement of Siamese people and destruction of the Ayutthaya city,[4] its art and buildings by the Burmese in 1767, which is recognized internationally as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The city was refounded a few kilometers to the east. The city is sometimes called "Venice of the East".[5][6]

Contents

Etymology

Ayutthaya is named after the city of Ayodhya in India, the birthplace of Rama in the Ramayana (Thai, Ramakien); Phra is a Thai royal and noble title; Nakhon designates an important or capital city; Thai honorific Sri or Si is from the Indian term of veneration Sri.

Ayutthaya Town Center

The city is located at the junction of the Chao Phraya, Lopburi and Pa Sak rivers, and on the main north-south railway linking Chiang Mai to Bangkok. The old city is on an island formed by a bend of the Chao Phraya on the west and south sides, the Pa Sak on the east side and the Klong Muang canal on the northern side.

The approximate centre of the old city is

In popular culture

References

  1. ^ "Ayutthaya Floating Market, Ayutthaya, Thailand". Thailand-Delights.com. http://www.thailand-delights.com/page1488.html. Retrieved 2011-09-22. 
  2. ^ "Historic City of Ayutthaya". UNESCO. http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/576. Retrieved 2011-09-22. 
  3. ^ George Modelski, World Cities: –3000 to 2000, Washington DC: FAROS 2000, 2003. ISBN 978-0-9676230-1-6. See also Evolutionary World Politics Homepage.
  4. ^ a b "Ayutthaya Historical Park". Asia's World Publishing Limited. http://www.thailandsworld.com/ayutthaya/index.cfm. Retrieved 2011-09-22. 
  5. ^ "Ayutthaya, Thailand's historic city". The Times Of India. http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/features/et-travel/Ayutthaya-Thailands-historic-city/articleshow/3307967.cms. 
  6. ^ Derick Garnier (2004). Ayutthaya: Venice of the East. River books. ISBN 9-7482-2560-7. 
  7. ^ Mortal Kombat (Laser disc) Audio Commentary, UPC: 014381302165. 
  8. ^ "The Buddha Statue". Fightingstreet.com. http://fightingstreet.com/folders/variousinfofolder/buddhastatue/buddhastatue.html. Retrieved 2011-12-18. 

The King Maker (2005) movie showed Ayutthaya city. The Film is based on a true story set in 1547 in Siam.

Further reading

External links